Environmental Issues (Environmental Protection, Specific Industries, Research Paper

Environmental Issues (Environmental Protection, Specific Industries, etc.) of Southeast Asia - Research Paper Example However, with the development in an economy, the requirement to protect the quality of the environment for that particular country also augments. Thus, it can be observed that there exists a complex association between the environment of a country and its international business activities. It has also been observed that industries tend to move their business operations to the developing countries from the already developed ones. From a realistic point of view, companies find developed nations to enforce stern policies regarding their environment compared to the developing countries (Mukhopadhyay, â€Å"Impact on the Environment of Thailand’s Trade with OECD Countries†). Thailand is being lately considered to be among the rapidly developing economies among all the countries in South-East Asia. The standard annual pace of economic development between the periods of 1980 to 2004 has been around 7% at an average. This economic development has been attributed to the non-inte rventionist trade policy of that country which did act as the chief force and foundation stone for this development. There has been a noteworthy boost in the exports as well as in the imports of the country (Mukhopadhyay, â€Å"Impact on the Environment of Thailand’s Trade with OECD Countries†). Long-Established and Continuing Bilateral Relationships The issue of environmental pollution is becoming a vital concern and is developing to be a problem especially in the city areas of Thailand. The history of amicable relation and exchange of traditions between Japan and Thailand dates back to above 600 years. Therefore, it becomes apparent that there exists a strong relationship of trading activities between these two countries. The mutual association between them is getting stronger and closer over the years, especially in the economic front. This can be attributed to the flourishing business of Japan and its extended investments as well as the continuous shifting of techn ological skill and expertise into Thailand. Japan is also said to be the largest provider of Official Development Assistance (ODA) towards Thailand. In regard to direct foreign investment in Thailand, Japan continues remaining to be the biggest foreign contributor in that country. However, a dip in the quantity of invested capital was recorded owing to the Asian economic as well as currency crisis in the year 1997. This close association among the two countries has also triggered the increase in the amount of visitors from Japan to Thailand. The intention of travel has surpassed the commercial requirement and expanded into exploring places of interest in the country of Thailand. Due to this reason, quite a significant amount of Japanese residents can be found in the various parts of Thailand, majority of who are supposed to be the employees of Japanese organizations. All the above mentioned factors are escalating the population of that country as a result of which there has been a s ignificant boost in the modes of transportation in that country. This augmentation in the transportation forms is triggering the

The Violence Runner Essay Example for Free

The Violence Runner Essay Throughout the history, there have been leaders of good and evil, moral and immoral, peaceful and violent alike. Sometimes, when the evil takes power and misuses it, the staggering impact they entail in the society can be appalling and outrageous. In Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner, Assef is exemplary of an evil leader who misuses his power and stands in the frontlines of crippling Afghanistan and its people into a pitch-black mist of chaos. First of all, Hosseini places Assef under the perfect setting in which the author bestows Assef the opportunity to develop his power as an antagonist in the novel. Throughout the history, there have been leaders of good and evil, moral and immoral, peaceful and violent alike. Sometimes, when the evil takes power and misuses it, the staggering impact they entail in the society can be appalling and outrageous. In Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner, Assef is exemplary of an evil leader who misuses his power and stands in the frontlines of crippling Afghanistan and its people into a pitch-black mist of chaos. First of all, Hosseini places Assef under the perfect setting in which the author bestows Assef the opportunity to develop his power as an antagonist in the novel. In the nineteenth century, Hazaras fails to rise against the Pashtuns in Afghanistan, and subsequently, discrimination against the Hazaras becomes prevalent in the society. In this type of environment, Assef naturally gains superiority over the Hazaras as a Pashtun and forms discriminative views and ethnic hatred towards them. It is even understandable for Assef to claim Adolf Hitler, the infamous dictator who relentlessly exterminated millions of Jews and other ethnic groups, to be a great leader, â€Å"a man with vision. † (Hosseini, page 40) This is because to Assef, Hitler is his role model; Assef believes that Hazaras should be exterminated from the face of the earth, as he is determined to ask Daoud Khan, the newly president, â€Å"to rid Afghanistan of all the dirty, Kaseef Hazaras. † (Hosseini, page 40) This way, Assef naturally develops his relentlessness and sadism that he fully makes usage out of. His violent mindset against the Hazaras leads him to later join the Taliban, in which he gains the position to freely kill Hazaras without punishment, and relentlessly ties up Afghanistan in a bundle of Taliban laws. As we can see, Assef uses his superiority over the Hazaras that he gains from the society that he lives in, and manipulates it fully to dominate over the ethnic group. To control and frighten them he would often times use violence as his tool. Assef rules the streets of Wazir Akbar Khan section of Kabul with his notorious savagery and relentless violence. In the streets of the Wazir Akbar Khan, Assef’s â€Å"word is law†, and if the law is broken, then his stainless-steel brass knuckles are used accordingly as a punishment. (Hosseini, pag3 38) Here, Hosseini uses stainless-steel brass knuckles as a significant motif throughout the novel, and also a symbol of violence and dominating power. Whenever we see Assef performing violence on somebody, we can observe emergence of his brass knuckles. When Hassan defends Amir against Assef with his slingshot, Assef tells Hassan and Amir, â€Å"this doesn’t end today, believe me. † (Hosseini, page 42) This suggests that Assef is a relentless, merciless and vengeful figure, foreshadowing his later revenge against Hassan and Amir. The brass knuckles appear again towards the end of the novel, when Assef beats Amir miserably with his brass knuckles â€Å"flashing in the afternoon light,† and thus fulfilling his warning and revenge that he had in his childhood. (Hosseini, page 288) These brass knuckles clearly represent physical domination on those who do not have such power; these multiple scenes of the recurring emergence of the brass knuckles suggest that violence is his power, his way to rule. Despite Assef’s unbearable deeds of violence, he holds one power that not everyone has: the power to change one’s life completely. Rape is a significant motif that is used throughout the novel by Assef. The reason why this motif is so crucial is that through rape, Assef destroys one’s integrity, emotional stability and dignity, and fully dominates them both physically and emotionally. Two significant cases would be Hassan’s rape and the other, Sohrab’s rape. By raping Hassan, Assef destroys two individuals: Hassan, who faces emotional trauma and breakdown afterwards, and Amir. Assef raping Hassan is the source of Amir feeling guilty and in remorse of not standing up for Hassan, and eventually leads him to make Hassan leave his family and ends up feeling guilty in his entire life, until he finds Sohrab alive and to redeem himself, plunges himself in the Taliban world to save Sohrab. Clearly, Assef held the key to change both lives. On the other hand, Sohrab’s life is changed dramatically through rape. As a result, Sohrab loses speech ability and feels extremely guilty, as he claims himself to be â€Å"so dirty and full of sin. † (Hosseini, page 319). These two â€Å"lambs†, Hassan and Sohrab, are sacrificed as a result of Assef’s misuse of power. Assef is clearly a violent man who holds the power in The Kite Runner. Assef makes full use of the power that he naturally gains in the society that he lives in, fully develops it and holds the key to change the society dramatically. He is the violence runner, to whom violence is always the solution to problems. Bibliography: Hosseini, Khaled. The Kite Runner. New York: Riverhead, 2003. Print.

The Concept Of Integrated Marketing Communication Marketing Essay

The Concept Of Integrated Marketing Communication Marketing Essay As defined by the American Association of Advertising Agencies, integrated marketing communications is a concept of marketing communications planning that recognizes the added value of a comprehensive plan (Elliott, 2012, P:491). Integrated Marketing Communications, on the one hand, covering advertising, promotion, public relations, direct marketing, CI, packaging, media and all other dissemination activities put into the scope of marketing activities. On the other hand, to enables enterprises are unified dissemination of information communicated to the customer. Its central idea is based on business communication with customers satisfied the value of customer needs as oriented to determine the enterprise unified promotional strategy and coordinate use of various means of communication. Performing the advantage of the different communication tools in order to enabling enterprises achieve promotional low cost and impact of high-strength form promotional climax. Most national brands us e all parts of the mix, each in proportion to the needs of the product. Cereal makers, for example, concentrate most efforts and money on advertising and sales promotions, such as coupons. Other products call for different mix ratios, with some mix components completely eschewed. In addition to these key promotional tools, the marketer can also use other techniques, such as exhibitions and product placement in movies, songs or video games, which have been growing in popularity in recent years. Before proceeding any further, however, it is important to stress that promotional mix decisions should not be made in isolation. As we saw with pricing, all aspects of the marketing mix need to be blended together carefully. The promotional mix used must be aligned with the decisions made with regard to product, pricing and distribution, in order to communicate benefits to a target market. From the facts of the case study, Pepsi used a new approach in its marketing communication. Pepsi holds the number one, third and fourth position among music, overall position among all companies, and entertainment channels. It gives a significant contribution on the music channels with 12.81% share of coverage and holds the first position in that category. It has the third position on the whole TV media with overall 4.29% share of coverage, the effectiveness of which is reported in reduction by researchers (Kotler Keller 2006, p.576). Similarly, it comes at number fourth on entertainment channels. Overall, these new media win the trust of consumers by connecting with them at a deeper level. Meanwhile it increases sales and bringing a better brand and corporate image for Pepsi. Marketers are taking note of many different social media opportunities and beginning to implement new social initiatives at a higher rate than ever before. Social media marketing and the businesses that utilize it have become more sophisticated. In order to maintain the vitality of enterprises, marketers should be flexible and effectively change the media habits of customers so as to maintain the brand fresh and attractive Q2. How effectively has Pepsi integrated digital and traditional media for the promotion of their products? Provide examples of digital media used. Nowadays millions of consumers converse on a daily basis in online communities, discussion forums, blogs and social networks. They turn to the Internet to share opinions, advice, grievances and recommendations. It has been said that traditional media is losing its face value and that the Internet is a fad and digital only applies to the millennium generation. While that may seem true, if you want to stay on the innovative cusp for your business, use both traditional and internet media marketing and here are some reasons why: 1. Online conversations can power or deflate a companys brand. 2. Discover specific issues that are being discussed around your company, brand or organization and create feedback to these issues. 3. There may be events, trends and issues that may be influencing industry and brand buzz. 4. Measure how your online and offline marketing campaigns resonate with consumers. 5. Leverage word-of-mouth to drive brand credibility, and ultimately sales if you use face-to-face marketing, Internet Marketing, Search Engine Optimization Strategy, and Social Media Strategy correctly. People are more tend to communicate through both word-of-mouth and social media when they are engaged with the product, service, or idea. This engagement may come naturally for supporters of causes, political candidates, and trendy new technological products. However, it can also be creatively stimulated for products and services which generate less psychological involvement of customers. For example, Pepsi (2008) uses its Pepsi Stuff online customer loyalty program to engage consumers by enabling them to redeem points for MP3 downloads, television show downloads, CDs, DVDs, electronics, and apparel. Campaign participants are also allowed to participate in sweepstakes drawings for larger prizes, such as home theater systems and trip giveaways. Coca Cola (2008) has a similar campaign entitled My Coke Rewards. According to Nielson research, TV users watch more than ever before (an average of 127 hrs, 15 min per month) and these users are spending 9% more time using the Internet (26 hrs, 26 min per month) from last year. Approximately 220 million Americans have Internet access at home and/or work with a growing number using the Internet for research and social media. Knowing this research, traditional media entertains and communicates to a mass audience whereas digital media entertains, communicates with, and engages the individual. The benefits of digital media can be highly measurable and marketers can often see a direct effect in the form of improved sales in addition to establishing a direct link with the consumer. This can also be cost effective. However, the pitfalls of digital marketing can be that the medium is new, constantly changing and evolving with results that vary. Digital media is known as digitized content (text, graphics, audio and video) that can be transmitted over the Internet. Recently, Pepsi immensely interest in digital and social media. PepsiCo has put more energy and financial resources for digital media, and nearly one-third of the companys budget has been used in the digital realm. But Pepsi still can not ignore the power of traditional media. Traditional media has a higher degree of trust than the electronic media. On the content, traditional media will be further description of the relevance directed on big news events and enhance the audience to participate in the interactive feel of the news events. This is the new electronic media can not match. Q3. How might Pepsi measure the effectiveness of its new campaign? Provide examples. Basically, relatively simple measurements are used by marketers to gauge the effectiveness of its promotional or advertising campaigns. These are mainly reflected in the aspects of product, price, promotion, consumer feedback. Meeting its objectives is the best measurement of a campaigns effectiveness of its ability. From the case study, Pepsis objectives could be: To enable a company to control its marketing plan. To help to motivate individual and terms to reach a common goal. To provide an agreed, consistent focus for all functions of an organization. All objectives should be SMART i.e. Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Timed Specific- Be precise about what are going to achieve Measurable- Quality your objectives Achievable- Are you attempting too much? Realistic- Do you have the resource to make the objective happen Time- state when you will achieve the objective? Marketing Share Objectives To gain more market for soft drinks industry 2. Profitability Objectives To achieve more return on capital employed 3. Promotional Objectives To increase awareness of the product on the market. 4. Objectives for survival To survive the current market war between competitors. 5. Objectives for Growth To increase the size of the worldwide Coca Cola enterprise. Generally, Pepsi could use the following to measure the campaigns effectiveness: Stimulate an increase in sales Remind customers of the existence of a product Inform customers Build a brand image Build customer loyalty and relationship Change customer attitudes Marketing efforts that are ineffective are a drain of time and money for the company; by evaluating each strategy, companies can pare down a marketing plan to the most powerful parts. For the most efficient marketing plan, conduct a review of the marketing strategy periodically throughout the year. Begin each new effort by building in monitoring mechanisms that will make the evaluation process a natural part of each marketing campaign or activity.

The Explanatory Gap: The Responses of Horgan and Papineau Essay

The Explanatory Gap: The Responses of Horgan and Papineau The what it is like to undergo an experience is essential to understanding that experience. Known by philosophers as subjective qualia, these characteristics are part of what makes a felt experience exactly that experience. If we introspect our own mental states, this seems apparent and incontrovertible. Most philosophers are unwilling to grant that subjective qualia are non-physical states, and attempts to face this problem and maintain physicalism must address arguments from qualia. While differing physical explanations for these subjective qualia exist, I will only briefly refer to them here as qualia will serve only as a means of leading the reader to the Explanatory Gap(1). The Explanatory Gap is a uniquely puzzling problem for physicalist philosophies of mind. The felt qualities of any experience, in addition to being essential to and inseparable from that very experience, are also perspectivally subjective. This means that the experiencer must be experiencing those felt qualities now or have felt them at some previous time and be recalling them to have a full concept of the phenomena. Perhaps this philosophical language will be more understandable with examples of what is really another readily apparent notion- Could a person know the awfulness of pain if she was born without the capacity to feel any pains? Could a person experience the specific joy of strawberries and Champagne without ever having had this exact experience? It would be difficult to deny that subjective qualia are perspectivally unique. One would face seemingly absurd possibilities such as feeling someone else's pains, and not having any subjective character to your own phenomenal experienc... ... from Kripke by Joseph Levine, "Materialism And Qualia: The Explanatory Gap," Pacific Philosophic Quarterly, Vol. 64, eds. Hartry Field, Barbara Herman, Brian Loar, Miles Morgan, 1983; p.359. 8 This paragraph and the next are a paraphrase of Terence Horgan, "Jackson On Physical Information And Qualia" Philosophical Quarterly, 34: (1984) 147-52. 9 David Papineau's position is taken from chapter 4 of his book Philosophical Naturalism, entitled "Consciousness and the Antipathetic Fallacy." I acquired this from the world wide web @ http://www.kcl.ac.uk/kis/schools/hums/philosophy/ch4.html, but it was published in print in 1993. 10 Ibid., this connection is made in a footnote by Papineau to Horgan on the eighth page of chapter 4 (I am afraid I don't know the printed version's page number). 11 Ibid., page 11 of chapter 4. 12 Ibid., page 18 of chapter 4.

Supporting Young Children through Family Loss

Because she was the primary caregiver hile you were at work, the baby may feel a bit disconnected or vulnerable. Possible ways that an infant may respond to a family death. You may notice a bit of a change in the babys personality while she adjusts to the change, but maintaining consistency is going to help her immensely. We want her to feel safe and secure. Specific advice from experts on how to help an infant through a family loss. Because children of this age do not understand the concept of death, you may not have to get into much detail. The most crucial thing is going to be to make sure that the baby keeps a constant routine.Keeping ner routine as normal as possible will help get back that feeling of being safe and connected. Part II: Supporting a Toddler Developmental information about what a toddler may feel, believe, or understand about a family death. A lot like the baby, Toddler may not understand the concept of death but will undoubtedly experience a sense of loss from hi s life. He knows that grandma was a constant, daily fixture. Normally at this age, there is a large component of â€Å"out of sight, out of mind† however once Toddler realizes that there is a prolonged and consistent absence, he will experience grief.Also be aware that he ay be sensing and picking up your feelings and reacting to them, or become irritable, this is quite normal. There are also some other signs of grief that Toddler might experience. Possible ways that a toddler may respond to a family death. Some toddlers do experience a shift in personality or are irritable. Most of the time this is temporary, however some personality changes may happen and this is part of the coping process. Sometimes a child's view of the world is altered by trauma and causes the changes to be permanent.You may also notice that there is a loss of appetite or he may even select only certain types of food. He should work his way back to normal eating again. If it persists for more than a coup le of weeks, see your doctor. Sleep might be affected, either not sleeping or being afraid of falling asleep alone. This problem should diminish over time. Specific advice from experts on how to help a toddler through a family loss. The best advice for helping Toddler is going to be to maintain his sleep, feeding and activities routine as much as possible.This will help him regain his sense of connection and balance. If you do notice a decrease in activity and see him Just lying limply be aware that this is a normal part of the process. Try to offer opportunities for activity and play every day until he responds. Be patient with him. You may also see him regressing to previous activities. Being patient is going to be crucial for him. Part Ill: Supporting a Preschooler Developmental information about what a preschooler may feel, believe, or understand about a family death. Preschooler may experience a couple of things to be on the look-out for.Letting Preschooler know that she didn't do anything to cause grandma's death and that there is nothing that you can do to bring her back. Sometimes children develop something called â€Å"magical thinking† where they think hat they either caused the death, could have prevented it or that the person who will come back like a cartoon character. It is not uncommon for a child to continue to believe that the family member is still alive. It is absolutely 0k for you and your family to show emotion around her. This is healthy for her to see. I know how hard this time is for you.Do not add on the extra burden of trying to hide your feelings around the children. Possible ways that a preschooler may respond to a family death. Using the proper term for death is appropriate for Preschooler, so that she can understand and begin get on the road to acceptance. Take cues about attending the funeral from Preschooler. She will let you know. If she is frightened of going, do not force her. Grief is often cyclical and Preschooler ma y show grief now, and as she enters into her teenage years, she may grieve again. That is perfectly normal when a child loses a loved one in their early years.Three specific ideas or activities the family can do at home to help a preschooler through a family loss. You can offer her an alternative way to remember her like a memorial in grandma's house, releasing balloons with messages or writing a letter. She will show you how she can best grieve right now. Let Preschooler talk as little or as much about grandma as possible, keep in mind that she may be non-verbally communicating her feelings about the death through play. Acknowledge her and let her communicate in the way that she knows how. References: KidsAid. (n. d. ).Young children and grief. Retrieved February 13, 2009, from http:// kidsaid. com/dougypage. html Hecker, B. (2005). Magical thinking: Children may blame themselves for a parent's illness and death. Retrieved from http:// medicalcenter. osu. edu/viewer/Pages/index. as px? p=413 The National Institute for Trauma and Loss in Children. (n. d. ). Infant and toddler grief. Retrieved February 13, 2009, from http://www. tlcinst. org/toddlergrief. html EDUC 1006 Application Assignment Evaluation Criteria Application Assignments are worth a maximum of 400 points for the entire course.Note: For privacy purposes, you may not include the actual name of any student, parent, or professional referenced in the assignment. In this course there are five graded Application Assignments. Each is worth a maximum of 80 points, which will be awarded as follows: 64-80 points Response demonstrates a full understanding and correct use of the concepts and/or strategies as presented in the Learning Resources. Response follows directions and includes all components indicated in the instructions. If requested, references are included and properly cited.Writing demonstrates mastery of all criteria for high academic literacy standards as indicated in â€Å"Writing Across the Cu rriculum† (see below). 41-63 points Response demonstrates a general understanding and correct use ot the concepts and/or strategies as presented in the Learning Resources. Response follows directions and includes most components indicated in the instructions. If requested, references are included and properly cited. Writing demonstrates mastery of most riteria for high academic literacy standards as indicated in â€Å"Writing Across the Curriculum† (see below). 0 or fewer points Response demonstrates a minimal understanding and correct use of the concepts and/or strategies as presented in the Learning Resources. Response does not follow all directions and is missing components indicated in the instructions. If requested, references are not included and properly cited. Writing is unclear and/or disorganized. Thoughts are not expressed in a logical manner. Few criteria for high below) are followed. Writing Across the Curriculum Walden University is committed to high acade mic literacy standards.To develop these skills in students, this course has a strong emphasis on written assignments which may include content review questions, application assignments, case study analyses, observations, and online discussions. All assignments are expected to meet the following standards: 1 . Clear central idea carefully and coherently developed and with intended emphasis 2. Correct grammar; no persistent mechanical errors 3. Neat appearance with evidence of having been carefully proofread 4. Academic integrity and honesty 5. Full documentation of research work 6. References cited using APA style (except in discussion postings)

Amending the Constitution Essays - James Madison, Free Essays

Amending the Constitution Essays - James Madison, Free Essays Paper #1 Amending the Constitution Article 5 of the U.S. Constitution prescribes the process by which the document can be amended. Almost immediately after the Constitutions ratification, the Bill of Rightsa package of 10 amendmentswas introduced and adopted. Since then, though, the Constitution was been amended just 17 times, most recently in 1992. With this in mind, write a four page paper that addresses the following: Why did the Framers of the Constitution allow for an amendment process? That is, what purpose does this process serve? What does the role of the states in this process suggest to you about how the Framers tried to balance power under the new system? Which amendments stand out to you as particularly necessary? Which amendments seem odd or strange? Propose at least three changes to the Constitution or American government by way of constitutional amendments. Ask yourself, which amendments do not exist, but should? And which amendments do exist, but need to be updated? Justify your changes. Should the amendment process be easier, or is it fine the way it is? Why? Your paper should be typed, double-spaced with standard (1) margins, and organized with an introduction, body, and conclusion (see me with questions about this). Visits to EKUs Noel Studio for Academic Creativity are encouraged. Make sure to cite elements of the reading, when relevant. No electronic submissions will be accepted you must turn in a stapled copy. Finally, it should go without saying that I will not evaluate you based on your expressed ideological beliefs or positions. You will, however, be graded based on the coherence of your thoughts/writing and how well you address the components above.

Psycho is without doubt a masterpiece Essays

Psycho is without doubt a masterpiece Essays Psycho is without doubt a masterpiece Essay Psycho is without doubt a masterpiece Essay The director, Hitchcock, deliberately used many devices and techniques to inject suspense and horror into the audience. One way that he did this was by using clever camera angles. Another was how he made use of fast-moving camera angles and sound to a good effect. One of the factors that makes Psycho a good film was that it is not predictable, for instance the main character and biggest star in the film, dies a third of the way into the film, plus all through the film little red herrings and unexpected plot twists are thrown in eg. the money was a red herring. All the red herrings and twists improve the film and make it more tense. Hitchcock was a master at positioning the camera angle, he could get it so that it could create suspense and horror and not give anything away at the same time. Another noticeable style of Hitchcocks was the speed that everything went at, all the horror and scary parts were built up slowly and werent sudden. Hitchcock built up the anxiety and tenseness with scenes like the scene with Marion driving out of Phoenix and seeing her boss crossing the road and the scene with the policeman. During the shower scene, Hitchcock cleverly puts high pitch screeches in time with the stabbing of the knife; this giving a chilling effect on the audience. He also changes the camera angles very fast during this scene, especially when the killer is actually stabbing Marion, the camera switches between them very quickly as he changed the camera angle over 50 times in about a minutes footage. Hitchcock cleverly concealed the killers face behind the shower curtain and as we see them creep up to the shower, this creates a sense of horror and suspense for the audience. After the curtain has been pulled back, the camera quickly looks at the whole of Marions face so that it takes the whole of the screen up and she unleashes a horrific scream but this has a greater effect due to the whole face shot. The blood, pouring down the plughole, is a recurring motif that Hitchcock uses, it symbolises the bottomless holes also shown in the swamps Norman used to hide the bodies. The blood was also the main reason for the movie being in black and white rather than colour because Hitchcock knew that it wouldnt pass the censors if it was in colour. Another show of symbolism was the eyes of Norman when he was peeping into Marions room and Marions eyes when the camera slowly moves out from in the shower, immediately after the murder. Hitchcocks style is definitely slow whilst building up suspense and conning the audience to think and feel what he wants, this is shown when Norman is clearing up after the murder, he is doing so very slowly and methodically, so that the atmosphere is very tense and the audience are manipulated into wanting Norman to succeed in cleaning up the evidence because they see him as a scared young man protecting his mother and they think that he wouldnt hurt anyone. The scene with Arbogasts death is a fine example of Hitchcocks excellent directing. He started by showing another full face shot whilst he is taking off his hat and this makes him look more vulnerable. Then, slowly and building suspense, he climbs the stairs and he is looking about nervously and the music is changing pitch and speed quickly giving the impression that the killer could jump out at any moment and then, when he is at the top and the killer does jump out, Hitchcock used a clever crane shot to hide the killers face and show all the horrors of the murder at the same time. He continued, for more effect by keeping the full face shot as Arbogast fell down the stairs and then switched to the side view from the floor as the killer finished him off. Hitchcock used other scenes to cause tenseness and suspense, mostly before the first death, like the traffic policeman scene and the car salesman scene. The policeman was quite a sinister looking character, mostly because he wore glasses and you couldnt see his eyes. Also, he had a very unemotional face with only one facial expression. The car salesman scene was tense because of Marions suspicious behaviour and the policeman watching her. Hitchcock used his skill as a director to create suspense and tension by using clever camera angles, fast moving shots, a slow pace of building up to an event and sound all to a great effect. A further example of this is when Lila is looking around the house and she is moving very slowly around upstairs and Hitchcock is using shots reflected from a mirror. This is meant to confuse the audience and spook them. When she goes down to the cellar, this is where the fast editing and sound comes into the equation. Also, Hitchcock used a swinging light bulb to cast light and dark on the set; this was real genius as it increased the horror. One last example of Hitchcocks fine directing was at the very end when Norman was sitting in the police station and the camera was zooming in close to his face, just as the scene was about to change, he merged the skull of mother slightly with his face; this was obviously because he wanted the face to stick in the mind of the audience and haunt them. Overa ll, Hitchcock used a combination of camera trickery and admirable symbolism to produce a suspense classic that, not only is popular forty years on, but has inspired other more recent horror films.

Spontaneous Process Definition and Examples

Spontaneous Process Definition and Examples In a system, whether it be in chemistry, biology, or physics there are spontaneous processes and nonspontaneous processes. Spontaneous Process Definition A spontaneous process is one that will occur without any energy input from the surroundings. It is a process that will occur on its own. For example, a ball will roll down an incline, water will flow downhill, ice will melt into water, radioisotopes will decay, and iron will rust. No intervention is required because these processes are thermodynamically favorable. In other words, the initial energy is higher than the final energy. Note how quickly a process occurs has no bearing on whether or not it is spontaneous. It may take a long time for rust to become obvious, yet when iron is exposed to air, the process will occur. A radioactive isotope may decay instantly or after thousands or millions or even billions of years. Spontaneous Versus Nonspontaneous Energy must be added in order for a nonspontaneous process to occur. The reverse of a spontaneous process is a nonspontaneous process. For example, rust doesnt convert back into iron on its own. A daughter isotope wont return to its parent state. Free Energy and Spontaneity The change in Gibbs free energy for a process may be used to determine its spontaneity. At constant temperature and pressure, the equation is: ΔG ΔH - TΔS Where ΔH is the change in enthalpy and ΔS is the change in entropy. If ΔG is negative, the process is spontaneous.If ΔG is positive, the process is nonspontaneous (but would be spontaneous in the reverse direction).If ΔG is 0 then the process is at equilibrium and no net change is occurring over time.

Microsoft Windows Issues - Post Software Install Coursework

Microsoft Windows Issues - Post Software Install - Coursework Example In case of conflicts with other problems, uninstall the program that may be causing conflicts and then install the intended program. After restarting the computer, install the program and see if the problem persists There are chances that the application or new software being installed overwrites the current operating system’s dynamic link libraries (DLL) files with an older version. This will therefore cause problems in the working of the installed application. Therefore, uninstalling the program will help remove this absolute file systems since they render the computer unusable and may cause conflicts to other programs as well. Lastly, the program may be conflicting with the Windows driver responsible with its functioning. Therefore, a solution is to update the Windows driver responsible for the running of the program and also installation Windows updates to restore the operating system’s dynamic link libraries (DLL)

Facilities Management - Good Business Turns Risk into Opportunity Case Study

Facilities Management - Good Business Turns Risk into Opportunity - Case Study Example The competition in the market place is such that ill-conceived facilities can render any business a non-starter. In particular, waste management of Fitness First Gym Center, if not properly exercised, could spell trouble for the gym if not quickly set right. The waste management in Fitness First Gym Center includes internal and external factors. The internal factors have bearing on the management of space, exercise equipment, number of trainees and their instructors and the management of time that goes along with the utility of space and equipment. The external factors are those that influence the output of the gym without which it cannot provide integral services like the panel of consultant doctors and contract services for the maintenance of the equipment (Facilities Management Introduction).   Combining the internal and external sources, the gym must actualize its space usage with the strength of its members. Vigilant management will ensure that members using their premises and equipment do so regularly, keep tabs on non-regular members for follow up, and reduce the impact of non-regulars on their space and equipment. It is difficult to bring waste management to zero. It can tolerate waste management of say, five percent. Occasionally, it can even take waste management of ten percent. Anything more than ten percent must be swiftly dealt with a policy of encouragement for better attendance. Ultimately, the system must aim for zero waste management. Waste management for the gym is extremely precarious and must be framed with enough sensitivity to allow members to understand the gym’s stand.  Ã‚  

Aboriginal Community Health and Well-Being Essay

Aboriginal Community Health and Well-Being - Essay Example Several regions of the world have aboriginals like Australia and Canada (Hazlehurst, 1995). Just like other communities, aboriginal has controlled health organizations whose duty is to ensure the delivery of holistic and culturally appropriate health care. Worth noting, aboriginal community health represents not only the physical well-being, but also cultural, social and emotional as well (Eckersley et. al. 2001). However, analysts believe that the trend of rearing aboriginals has changed drastically since today many of them are reared without their cultural believes. Through this provision, individuals achieve full potential ultimately contributing to the overall well-being of their community. Section A, Question 1. Poor health is a biological manifestation of inequality among the Aboriginal in Canada. In this community, health and medical beliefs are social and spiritual. Aboriginal community in Canada experience poor health outcomes, which reflects on their knowledge about biologi cal health. Diseases such as chronic disease, accidental disease, post neonatal mortality, and mental illness are common in Aboriginal reserves (Waldram, et.al., 2006). For example, health report in 1999 alludes that Aboriginal living in the reserves recorded the highest number of suicide. Further, aboriginals in the reserves have high percentage of diabetes and other attacks. The above health figures support the argument of Physician Paul Farmer. Inequality refers to non-uniform distribution of essential needs in the society. For instance, non-uniform health care policies influence the distribution and administration of healthcare in the society. Non-uniform social and legal policies influence social status of individuals in the community. Social factors contribute to health inequality in aboriginal community. Emotional, physical, spiritual, and mental dimensions of Aboriginal health among children and youths indicate that social determinants contribute to inequality in health. Soc ial determinants that influence health fall under the following categories distal (e.g. political, historical, economical and social context), proximal (e.g. social and physical environment, health behaviors), and intermediate (e.g. resources, community infrastructure, capacities and systems) (Waldram et.al. 2006). Social determinants affect health behaviours, health vulnerability and capacity, and health management. Due to the many imbalances of life and need for healing such problems, sweat lodge is used extensively to assist since it occurs in the mind, spirit, emotions, and the body as well. Further, social determinants would influence circumstances that contribute to alleviation of health problems. For example, aboriginals who lead a low-income life experience diseases and illnesses. Like other communities, they are entitled to medication. However, in the provision of the medication, the healers are not regulated by an institution or law, but rather unwritten ethical standards of practise and community support. This in turn reflects to the social status, which links inadequate opportunities to raise income to good health. Inadequate employment opportunity influence income of an individual, which further contributes to poverty level in the society. In essence, poverty is a factor that contributes to health condition of the community. Fighting poverty or developing ways of fighting poverty contributes to health improvement in the society (Hazlehurst, 1995). Researchers in health argue that social factors contribute to the health inequality of the Aboriginals. Socio political factors in Canada are major factors that contribute to health inequality among the Aboriginal communities (White, et. al. 2003). Historically,

Financial Analysis of Genivar Engineering Essay

Financial Analysis of Genivar Engineering - Essay Example The net earnings and comprehensive income for the year was recorded at $25.8 million, an increase of 68.8%. Genivar serves several market segments and generates revenues from building, municipal infrastructure, transportation, industrial, power and environment segments. The building segment recorded revenues of approximately $109 million or around 28% of the company's total revenues. The municipal infrastructure recorded revenues of approximately $109 million or around 28% of the total revenues. The transportation segment recorded revenues of approximately $85 million or around 22% of the total revenues. The industrial and power sector recorded revenues of approximately $58 million or around 15% of the total revenues. The environment segment recorded revenues of approximately $27 million or around 7% of the total revenues. Genivar has increased its profitability in FY2008. The gross profit margin of the company is 41.8% of the total revenues in 2008 as compared to 39.1% in 2007 and 37.3% in 2006. The gross profit margin reflects the percentage of sales dollars that is available to pay for fixed costs of the company and to add for profit. The net profit margin is 6.7% of the total revenues in 2008 as compared to 5.9% in 2007 and 5.8% in 2006. ... The return on equity of Genivar is at 14.2% of the total shareholders' equity in 2008 as compared to 5.9% in 2007 and 2.8% in 2006. This reflects that the company has increased its efficiency in terms with how the company employs its capital from shareholders' equity. It shows that how much the shareholders gets or return of their investments. The company's return on assets is at 6.0% of the total assets in 2008 as compared to 5.9% in 2007 and 2.5% in 2006. This showed that the company earned 6.0 cents on each dollar tied up in the business. It reflects that the company has increased its efficiency in how they allocate and manages its resources. Liquidity Genivar has experienced a decrease in liquidity in 2008. The current ratio of the company is at 1.47 times in 2008 as compared to 1.8 times in 2007 and 1.53 times in 2006. The quick ratio of the company is 1.07 times in 2008 as compared to 1.36 times in 2007 and 1.16 times in 2006. This is due to a 26.3% increase in total current liabilities for 2008 as compared to 2007. This means that Genivar has difficulty of reducing its current assets for cash in order to meet maturing obligations. The company relies instead on operating income and outside financing in order to stay liquid. The collection period has slightly increased in 2008 at 109 days as compared to 106 days in 2007. However, the company has decreased its collection period from 2006 which is at 171 days. This showed that in 2007 and 2008, Genivar has fairly managed its accounts receivables for the past three years. The collection period is comparable to industry standards of similar industries. Solvency Genivar is relatively solvent for the past three years. This shows that the

Developing a sociological perspective about government systems and Essay

Developing a sociological perspective about government systems and other sociological concepts related to developing countries - Essay Example Developing a sociological perspective about government systems and other sociological concepts related to developing countries The breaking up of tribal units, urbanization and missionary activity have all been features of â€Å"modernization† and it is clear that there are multiple consequences of these different forces. The most obvious difference between developed and less developed countries is that of wealth, but the cultural differences are perhaps even more important. One factor which has come through very strongly in the course is the concept of â€Å"cultural pluralism†. There is a big difference between the nation states of the West, with their extensive government systems and very strong sense of national identity and the much more complex mix of identities that is apparent in places like India and Africa. The impact of alien colonial ideas and the move from a rural and tribal setting to urban centres, in search of work and prosperity has created a very intriguing situation for millions of people in the modern world: â€Å"Cultural pluralism exists because individual actors include among their repertory of social roles one or more culturally defined identities.† The diaspora, or spreading out of different groups caused by factors like slavery, economic migration, persecution and war means that in developing countries people often have complex and multiple identities including aspects of nationality, tribe, race, and religion, as well as their current location which may not be linked with any or all of these.

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Case Study - Essay Example ng on this, Aaker (1992) contends that, brand equity is a combination of assets such as loyalty, awareness, and perceived quality with brand associations. This study focuses on the case study of Snapple as a brand. The paper is subdivided in to four different sections with each section addressing a specific question. The fifth part of the paper however provides the conclusion and recommendation of the study. Positioning products in people’s minds and making them attractive to market segments requires careful formulation of the marketing mix. Getting the right blend of the product, promotion price and distribution is essential to put the carefully carried out analysis into operation. The aim is to portray an image for the product or service that will match with how one wants the product to be visualized in people’s mine. Following Keller (2003) brand equity model, modernity should be reflected in the design, aesthetic, or ergonomic aspects of a brand. Snapple brand should has the same style, features and characteristics that help consumers get value for their money. With these, all products are position and identify under the brand name â€Å"Snapple.† To gain the loyalty of the customers, Snapple’s vision is not necessarily about what others are doing. It’s about bringing to market products that capture the imaginations of consumers and enhance their lives in the process2. It brand features are associated with amateurish approach to marketing, it distribution strategies, and unconventional marketing. The company through its brand extension emphasizes on supprises. Other brand related features that accelerated the development of the brand equity include, the brand natural ingredients, No artificial preservatives or additives, real taste, hot filled processing and upscale packagi ng that conveys quality. Brand elements are the trademarks, logos be it visual or audio and any other methods used by a company to trigger response or feedback from the public.

Financial Analysis of Genivar Engineering Essay

Financial Analysis of Genivar Engineering - Essay Example The net earnings and comprehensive income for the year was recorded at $25.8 million, an increase of 68.8%. Genivar serves several market segments and generates revenues from building, municipal infrastructure, transportation, industrial, power and environment segments. The building segment recorded revenues of approximately $109 million or around 28% of the company's total revenues. The municipal infrastructure recorded revenues of approximately $109 million or around 28% of the total revenues. The transportation segment recorded revenues of approximately $85 million or around 22% of the total revenues. The industrial and power sector recorded revenues of approximately $58 million or around 15% of the total revenues. The environment segment recorded revenues of approximately $27 million or around 7% of the total revenues. Genivar has increased its profitability in FY2008. The gross profit margin of the company is 41.8% of the total revenues in 2008 as compared to 39.1% in 2007 and 37.3% in 2006. The gross profit margin reflects the percentage of sales dollars that is available to pay for fixed costs of the company and to add for profit. The net profit margin is 6.7% of the total revenues in 2008 as compared to 5.9% in 2007 and 5.8% in 2006. ... The return on equity of Genivar is at 14.2% of the total shareholders' equity in 2008 as compared to 5.9% in 2007 and 2.8% in 2006. This reflects that the company has increased its efficiency in terms with how the company employs its capital from shareholders' equity. It shows that how much the shareholders gets or return of their investments. The company's return on assets is at 6.0% of the total assets in 2008 as compared to 5.9% in 2007 and 2.5% in 2006. This showed that the company earned 6.0 cents on each dollar tied up in the business. It reflects that the company has increased its efficiency in how they allocate and manages its resources. Liquidity Genivar has experienced a decrease in liquidity in 2008. The current ratio of the company is at 1.47 times in 2008 as compared to 1.8 times in 2007 and 1.53 times in 2006. The quick ratio of the company is 1.07 times in 2008 as compared to 1.36 times in 2007 and 1.16 times in 2006. This is due to a 26.3% increase in total current liabilities for 2008 as compared to 2007. This means that Genivar has difficulty of reducing its current assets for cash in order to meet maturing obligations. The company relies instead on operating income and outside financing in order to stay liquid. The collection period has slightly increased in 2008 at 109 days as compared to 106 days in 2007. However, the company has decreased its collection period from 2006 which is at 171 days. This showed that in 2007 and 2008, Genivar has fairly managed its accounts receivables for the past three years. The collection period is comparable to industry standards of similar industries. Solvency Genivar is relatively solvent for the past three years. This shows that the

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Case Study - Essay Example ng on this, Aaker (1992) contends that, brand equity is a combination of assets such as loyalty, awareness, and perceived quality with brand associations. This study focuses on the case study of Snapple as a brand. The paper is subdivided in to four different sections with each section addressing a specific question. The fifth part of the paper however provides the conclusion and recommendation of the study. Positioning products in people’s minds and making them attractive to market segments requires careful formulation of the marketing mix. Getting the right blend of the product, promotion price and distribution is essential to put the carefully carried out analysis into operation. The aim is to portray an image for the product or service that will match with how one wants the product to be visualized in people’s mine. Following Keller (2003) brand equity model, modernity should be reflected in the design, aesthetic, or ergonomic aspects of a brand. Snapple brand should has the same style, features and characteristics that help consumers get value for their money. With these, all products are position and identify under the brand name â€Å"Snapple.† To gain the loyalty of the customers, Snapple’s vision is not necessarily about what others are doing. It’s about bringing to market products that capture the imaginations of consumers and enhance their lives in the process2. It brand features are associated with amateurish approach to marketing, it distribution strategies, and unconventional marketing. The company through its brand extension emphasizes on supprises. Other brand related features that accelerated the development of the brand equity include, the brand natural ingredients, No artificial preservatives or additives, real taste, hot filled processing and upscale packagi ng that conveys quality. Brand elements are the trademarks, logos be it visual or audio and any other methods used by a company to trigger response or feedback from the public.

Government is the monopoly of legitimate use of physical power” Essay Example for Free

Government is the monopoly of legitimate use of physical power† Essay Functions of the Ruling Officer: * Promote interest and welfare of the people * For the benefit of the governed * Protection of the inhabitants * Administration of justice * Advancement of the physical, economical, social and cultural well- being of the people * Preservation of the state from danger (internal external) Ideal Qualities of Governing Politician: * Shall have the brains and ability * Political maturity * Experience â€Å"In order to govern people he does not know or understand, he ought to possess the talent of a genius and extraordinary knowledge. † * Jose Rizal â€Å"The government who fulfils the satisfaction of human expectation is good. The Government that DOES NOT serve the needs of the people but governs to protect the interest and welfare of a few at the expense of many is not good.† * Zulueta â€Å" Government is the monopoly of legitimate use of physical power† * Max Weber * The government is committed to promote: * general welfare, * morals, * intelligence, * social justice * Ultimate happiness Rizal on the Family * Family- the basic and oldest social institution, a very important factor in shaping the character of a child. Family determines: * Child’s social class * Religious orientation * Language * Upbringing of the children Children are Expected to be: * Loyal * Obedient Parents’ Legacies to children: * Rectitude of judgement * Generosity of rights * Steadfastness in adversity â€Å" The greatest honour that a son can pay his parents is integrity and a good name.† Rizal on Livelihood * Rizal vehemently objected Carl Marx’s Communist ideology. * He regarded livelihood as the government’s focal points to alleviate poverty Communism * ideology referring to the equal distribution of wealth. * The government scoops up all the wealth and distributes them evenly or as needed. Means of having a viable livelihood program: * Equal land ownership * Regulation of capital * Government buys from landlords and place it on workers â€Å"Regulation of Capital† was essential to combat the ill effects of capitalism. Each person’s wealth is based on his own personal production. Rizal on Justice â€Å" Justice is a constant and perpetual will to allot to every man what he is due.† Twin ideals of Justice System * Swiftness- occurrence of a speedy trial * Fairness- justice itself â€Å"Justice delayed is justice denied.† No person shall be deprived of life, liberty and property without due process of law.

Media: Promoting And Protecting Right To Information

Media: Promoting And Protecting Right To Information Freedom of expression, unrestricted propagation of ideas and ready access to information are essential for the functioning of a democratic government. If people are unaware of what is happening in their society or if the actions of those who rule them are hidden, then they are prevented from taking a significant part in the affairs of the society. Access to information not only facilitates active participation of the people in the democratic governance process, but also promotes openness, transparency and accountability in administration. It is thus a crucial facilitator of good governance, as it reflects and captures Government activities and processes. In the same light, the right of every citizen to access information held by or under the control of public authorities, has been as effective tool for ushering in good governance. The Indian Parliament enacted the Freedom of Information Act, 2002, to promote transparency and accountability in administration. This was subsequently repealed and later a new act, The Right to Information Act, came into force on 12 October 2005. Under the law the Indian citizens are empowered to seek information from a Public Authority, thus making the Government and its functionaries more accountable and responsible. The Act has now been in operation for over three years and has benefited many, including the poor and the underprivileged. The many provisions of the Act mandate a legal-institutional framework for setting out the practical regime of right to information for every citizen to secure access to information under the control of public authorities. Participation, rule of law, transparency, responsiveness, equity and inclusiveness, effectiveness, efficiency, accountability, strategic vision and consensus-orientation are the major characteristics of good governance. Transparency refers to decisions being taken openly and being enforced according to rules and regulations. It mandates that information should be freely available and directly accessible to those who will be affected by such decisions and their enforcement. It also means that enough information is provided to all the stakeholders and the media, in easily understandable forms to enable their meaningful participation in the decision making processes and criticism of the same. Accountability ensures that public institutions and functionaries are answerable to the people and to their institutional stakeholders i.e. those who will be affected by its decisions or actions. Accountability cannot be enforced without a regime of transparency. We discussed the factors contributing to good governance. Herein, it is pertinent to mention that a direct relationship exists between right to Information, informed citizenry and good governance. On one hand good governance aims at putting an end to inconsistent government practices and establishing a responsive State, the Right to Information provides citizens the opportunity of being informed of the Governments actions. Public participation in Government, respect for the rule of law, freedom of expression and association, transparency and accountability, legitimacy of Government, and the like, which are the core values of good governance, can be realised only if the right to information is implemented in the right spirit. The role of media organisations assumes considerable importance in realising the objectives of the RTI Act. The media can not only play an important role in monitoring public service delivery by invoking provisions under the RTI Act, but can also facilitate in generating awareness and capacity building on RTI among the community. Thus the media performs an important role in the governance process by acting as a bridge between the community and public agencies. The media can make a real difference to the lives of poor and disadvantaged people and aid in development by making people more aware of their rights and entitlements and enabling them to have access to government programmes, schemes and benefits. Besides people can be made more aware of political issues which would help to stimulate critical thinking and debate. This creates pressure for improved government performance, accountability and quality. The media also helps in drawing attention to institutional failings corruption, fraud, waste, inefficiency, cronyism, nepotism, abuse of power and the like. It fosters exchange of best practices, knowledge resources, access to better technology, and to better choices. A discursive space for citizens to dialogue with other actors in the governance process is also provided by the media. Empowerment, social awareness action and good governance are the three key areas through which the media can make a significant impact on development and poverty reduction. Firstly, the media gives voice to the needs and aspirations of the people and provides them access to relevant information. Thus, it cannot be denied that the media has a definite role to play in the empowerment of citizens. In all its varied forms, media has opened up the potential for new forms of participation. The access to information and accessibility of information has increased with growth of print and electronic media and the Internet. In contemporary times, the media is being used even by the vulnerable and marginalized sections of the society to make their voices heard. Secondly, the media can be effective not only in preserving freedom but also in extending it. The news media plays a decisive role in establishing a discursive space for public deliberations over social issues. The formative influence o f the media on public attitudes, thoughts and perceptions is fundamental to the process of citizen engagement in public dialogue. Giving a voice to the poor also entails giving the poor people adequate opportunities to take initiatives for overcoming their problems. The media, through its role in shaping public awareness and action, can be a critical factor in facilitating sustainable development and poverty reduction. Lastly, a free media is a necessary requisite for good governance. As an information channel between corporations, government, and the populace, the media acts as a watchdog against government malfeasance, while at the same time fosters greater transparency and accountability. The media monitors public service delivery and reports on key issues to the public at large, thereby exerting pressure on public service providers. The media creates the right framework of incentives for good governance, by highlighting institutional failings to guard against as well as institut ional successes for replication. It lets people voice diverse opinions on governance and reform, exposes corruption and malpractices and helps build public consensus to bring about change. The World Association of Newspapers (WAN), the global organisation of the worlds press has long argued that a free and unfettered press is a positive force for accelerated and equitable socio-economic development. It held that the predominance of free and independent press accompanies economic growth and human development. In countries with free press, human development indicators such as school enrolment, teacher-pupil ratio, pupil performance, infant mortality, maternal mortality, nutritional status of women and children etc. tend to fare better than countries with restrictions on press and freedom of information. The work of the Nobel Laureate, Amartya Sen has even established a link between active media and the avoidance of disasters like famines. The role of media as a watchdog of the government and the corporate sector, a transmitter of new ideas and information, a voice of the poor, a safeguard against the abuse of power and neglect of the socially vulnerable, and a builder of public consensus to bring about change is pervasive. However, the independence of the media can be fragile and easily compromised. It is clear that to support development, the media needs the right environment in terms of freedoms, capacities, and checks and balances. The Right to Information regime does give the media that critical support. Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the United Nations states: Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. The above provision only reiterates the fact that the mass media is the most important vehicle for information, knowledge and communication in a democratic polity. They are pervasive and play a significant role in shaping societies by providing the public sphere of information and debate that enables social and cultural discourse, participation and accountability. Being the most accessible, cost-effective and widespread source of information and platform for expression the media plays a crucial role in building an inclusive Information Society based on knowledge power and its distribution. However to ensure that the potential of the media is truly achieved steps should be taken to protect and extend media freedom and independence, and rights of access to information by actively developing the potential of media to provide information along with a forum for debate on topics of public interest, cultural expression and opportunity to communicate, especially to the poor and marginalised. Strengthening the capacity of media should be facilitated, to promote and help build an Information Society by raising awareness, channelling civil society concerns, debating policies and holding government, private sector and civil society accountable. An RTI regime can enable credible, evidence-based and factual reporting on key issues of public interest. It can enable the media to expose mal-administration, corruption and inefficiency and to propagate stories and instances relating to accountability, transparency, effective administration and good governance. By using the RTI Act, the media can play an important role in highlighting issues related to public service delivery and the efficacy and accountability of public officials. Under the RTI Act, the journalists reporters, like citizens, can: Demand from the Government information pertaining to any of its departments Demand photocopies of Government contracts, payment, estimates, measurements of engineering works etc. Demand from the Government certified samples of material used in the construction of roads, drains, buildings etc. Demand to inspect any public development work that may be still under construction or completed Demand to inspect Government documents construction drawings, records books, registers, quality control reports etc. Demand status of requests or complaints, details of time delays, action taken on Information Commissions decisions etc. The media thus can play a constructive role in the governance process by acting as a catalyzing agent for the implementation of the core provisions of the Act. As the fourth pillar of democracy, the media not only has an important stake in what the RTI Act purports to provide and achieve, but also in entrenching the implementation and enforcement of this significant piece of legislation. Besides, fundamentally the media aids in providing information to the citizens and building awareness among the masses on the Act. Despite the provisions that have been made to access information, citizens resort to media like newspapers, radio, television etc. for day to day information about public authorities and their activities. The media provides a link between the citizens and their government. The medias right to information or right to tell is not a special privilege but rather, an aspect of the publics right to know. It thereby gives voice to the Citizens. As part of the civil society, the media is obligated to articulate the needs and aspirations of the people. Using the Act, the media can highlight key issues faced by the citizens, particularly those faced by the poor and voiceless. The role of the media as a watchdog on behalf of the citizens cannot be ignored. The best service that the media provides to the public, whether in a mature or emerging democracy, is that of a community watchdog. Journalists should see and perform their role keeping in mind public interest. Using RTI, the media can expose corruption and inefficiency. However, in performing a watchdog role and digging out the truth, journalists should be careful in interpreting facts and evidence. The multi-dimensional facets of the importance of the media reiterate that the media plays the role of an honest broker of information for its readers without deliberate bias or favouritism. The media must consider its independence to be its most valuable commercial, editorial and moral asset. Maintaining its independence through professional behaviour and a code of conduct that is subscribed to by all journalists, the media can be a powerful user of the RTI Act and an agent for the empowerment of people through an Information Society. The objective of the Act to usher in a practical regime of right to information cannot be attained without a proactive role played by the media.

A Moment of Innocence :: essays papers

A Moment of Innocence When I walked into class that day I was indifferent to the movie that we would be watching that evening. Five minutes into A Moment of Innocence (1995) by Mohsan Makhmalbaf, I was hooked. By taking a pseudo-documentary style Makhmalbaf lets us see the people as they are transformed into the characters from the director’s past. This style allows us to â€Å"grow up† with them and to relate to both sides of the story. By taking a true event and fictionalizing, at least part of it, Makhmalbaf has us trying to figure out what parts have been added to the narrative and which parts truly speak to history. A documentary does not strive to tell a story, it looks upon events unemotionally and tries not to colour our ideas about the event. A Moment of Innocence is not a documentary but uses the truth function common to that genre to give us an understanding of the events from both sides and makes us think about how our actions effect others every day. If A Moment of Innoce nce had been a wholly fictional film I do not believe that it would have carried the same emotional impact. Different scenes in the film show us how Makhmalbaf is trying to reconcile his past actions with his feeling today. They also show how he is, while not in any way apologizing for his actions, trying to amend some of the damage he may have caused. There are several scenes in the film that stand out to me as important. The scene that caught me the most off-guard occurred when Makhmalbaf and young Makhmalbaf went to the director’s cousin’s home to try to enlist her daughter to play the roll her mother had played in real life. For just a moment the daughter and young Makhmalbaf step out of themselves and become the characters that they are playing. They make plans to meet the next day for the incident with the policeman, both look nervous, Makhmalbaf returns and they resume their roles as if the exchange had never occurred. This glimpse into what and how the incident was planned gives the audience a look into the type of people that Makhmalbaf and his cousin were as young adults, scared but sure in their purpose. The scene also allows us to step out of the knowledge that this is staged and shows us the characters as people, not actors.

The Deceitful George in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men :: Steinbeck Of Mice and Men Essays

The Deceitful George in Of Mice and Men Steinbeck gives a lot of reasons for George to stay with Lennie, but his critics also have some merit in their criticism that the story isn't believable. Steinbeck's critics suggest that Steinbeck is "simply sentimental in this regard." There are some very compelling reasons George would like to stay with Lennie... but being "sentimental," towards Lennie has nothing to do with it. George and Lennie's ultimate goal is to "get the jack together," buy a few acres of land they can call their own, "an' live off the fatta the lan' (pg. 14)." George talks in great depth about how their dream house is going to have individual rooms, a kitchen with a fat iron stove, and an orchard. But, George only recites this yarn when he wants to get Lennie calmed down. Lennie has the mentality of an 8 year old, the memory of a senile 80 year old, and only desires to tend rabbits. George fully understands that Lennie can easily be manipulated. Even though the dream to have a piece of land is shared, George knows that by himself he cannot amass a large enough "stake," to buy it himself (pg. 33)." Just as the boss thought, George was "takin' his pay away from him (pg. 22)." Throughout the story George recites a description of how easy his life could be if he didn't have to keep up with Lennie. "God a'mighty," he could "get a job, an' work, an' no trouble (pg. 11)." At the end of the month, he could take his 50 bucks and go into town and buy whatever he wanted. George says these things like he's only teasing, but in actuality he's dead serious. George started building his alibi when he first arrived at the farm. He wanted to seem like he deeply cared for Lennie, and that Lennie was an overall good person. George then strengthened his alibi, and gave a glimpse of his true motives when he talked to George about why he stopped making fun of Lennie. George said that he told Lennie to "jump in," and that Lennie did it and "he damn near drowned (pg.

Literacy Narrative Unit Reflection Essay

Literacy narrative can be described as a narrative from a first person perspective. This narrative would be based on experiences the writer faces regardless in any face of his or her life. Reflecting on the literacy narrative I was given to complete, there were parts where I struggled to write and there were also parts I breezed through easily. To start off, I had struggled in making sure there were no errors in the process of me composing my narrative. With the advantage of making and submitting a draft prior to submitting the final paper, several grammatical corrections and sentence improvements was done and perfected to the highest extent possible. Another struggle I faced was the emotional impact it had on me as I recalled every bitter moment from my past experience dealing with literacy. Time was also an addition to my struggle since I am working 9 hours a day as part of my internship and at the same time I had only one week to complete the draft and three other assignments for the class. Time management was a crucial aspect in the process of completing my literacy narrative. The part where I breezed to easily was the writing out everything that came to mind. I never faced the problem to describe every event that I experienced in words. To further make my literacy narrative perfect, additional time would have helped extensively since it was a very word dense assignment. I’ve done several literacy narratives in the past in both the languages I am familiar with which is English and Malay. What made this literacy narrative different from the rest was the type of feedback I had from my draft. Every feedback given to me was helpful and had provided me the picture of the message that Mr. Krueger, my English professor was trying to convey to me. In the past, my experiences with feedback were rather vague or unclear due to the level of English proficiency my school teachers had. In the completion of my literacy narrative, the discussions that was assigned to the class really helped the whole process of writing. This was because all the discussions were based on literacy narratives from the textbook, thus this gave me a rough idea on how a literacy narrative should be.

Director Xie Fei

Director Xie Fei, also known as one of the â€Å"fourth generation† filmmakers, presents this touching tale of a woman suffering as she tries to carve out a life for herself in the â€Å"Women From the Lake of Scented Souls†. The film is set in a small village in China, where it starts off with a scene of the boat moving in the river. The boat is shot at an angle as if the audiences are also part of the movie, which successfully grabs the audiences’ attention.The story is based on a novel written by Zhou Daxin, which revolves around a middle-aged woman Xiang who operates this small traditional  pa-and ma sesame oil factory. Xiang is a smart and hard working woman who has an unfortunate and pitiful life. She was sold to her handicapped husband Que at the age of 7 and married him when she was 13; they have a mentally challenged son Dunzi, and a younger daughter. Her husband is a lazy and abusive alcoholic, who leaves all the work to Xiang. Xiang’s sesame o il is the finest in the region, which it even attracts the Japanese investors’ eye. Xiang explains how the specialness of her sesame oil must be because of the mysterious story  of the two girls who drowned themselves love.Xiang’s new found wealth raises her social status in the village, which enables her to find a wife for her mentally handicapped son. With her new influence in power, Xiang pressures Huanhuan’s famiy into marrying her son. In the beginning, Huanhuan’s family refuses to marriage, but because of their debt, Xiang paid 15000$ as dowry to their family. Xiang also casted away Huanhuan’s secret lover who happens to be working for Xiang by offering the boy to work in the city and making him promise not to marry any girl in  the village these 2 years.Huanhuan’s marriage with Dunzi is just like a repetition of Xiang’s unfortunate tragedy, which fated to fail. Although Xiang’s mistake may make the audience feel less pity of her own situation but it does emphasize on how she is also a victim. Xiang’s only happiness in the movie is her affair with Ren, the transportation man, who is actually the real father of Xiang’s daughter. However, Xiang’s happiness does not last long as Ren suggested to break up their secret relationship because â€Å"they are pasted middle aged†. ToXiang, Ren acts not only as a secret lover, but more like her husband. She would kiss him first, and even talk to him for advices about Dunzi’s marriage, and because her feelings are so deep towards him and even suggested on divorcing her husband for him. Xiang and Huanhuan in this movie both walk the same fate.They both came from a poor family, and were sold to handicapped husbands. In the beginning, they had their own lovers, but were both dumped in the end. Huanhuan’s husband Dunzi is mentally challenged he treats as a doll, biting her, chocking  her, scratching her, as for Xiangâ €™s husband he is abusive and always drunk. She is just his money and sex machine. In addition, he never cares for the better of their children, or bothers to buy presents to her. Both these two women are tough and hard working, unlike the mysterious history of the scented lake, which tried to solve solutions by killing herself. â€Å"Women From the Lake of Scented Souls† is an enjoyably movie that unfolds the secretive life of rural China.Director Xie Fei has filled the movie with scenes of countryside beauty, just like the one where  Huanhuan and Xiang have a heart to heart talk by the river, and Xiang finally realizes what path she is forcing Huanhuan to take when Huanhuan saw her affair she said to Xiang â€Å" I understand that mother has her own problems†. The film starts and ends by the misty soul scented lake. After breaking up with Ren, Xiang is left crying in the moonlight by the lake as she once did 30 years ago when she married her husband. This is su ch a powerful image, as it quiets us down, and fills overwhelming sadness and sympathy towards her situation as Xiang crys silently by the bank side.In general, this movie is a great success, as it was awarded the Golden Bear award in 1993 in Berlin film festival. The female characters in this film, under director Xie Fei guidance, displays Chinese women’s hopelessness in life. It leaves the audience filled with sorrow and sympathy towards the women characters. However, some may not be able to understand the possibility of such misery in life, because of our culture and time difference, which just proves again the success of this film, as it brings the audience thinking and feeling emotionally towards the film.

Assignment for International Economic Relations Lecture

Assignment for International Economic Relations lecture Topic:Milton Friedman as the criticised economic agitator which has chances to succeed In my opinion, things which are fascinating in the economy for people without more than average knowledge about this science are not elaborate models, taxation or tariff systems. Really captivating issue for ordinary man is a picture of economy as a metaphysical force which rules our lives. In this context it is a reasonable tool for explaining global processes. Somehow, we should be a little skeptical, because it is quite dangerous to think that one and only impact on world society is supply and demand rule. In my essay I would like to focus on the understanding and the idea of world which Milton Friedman offered in the book „Free to Choose†. In the reality as he presented it there are two categories of action- according to â€Å"real economics† and against it. That real and good economics is a set of actions, but also lack of any action, which are undertaken for purely economical reasons. One should emphasize that Friedman sees economics as overwhelming power which, in terms of the effectiveness and the profit, is the best solution. As an example he is points to ZSSR- an opposite of the model to free economics. In his view commonwealth with the planned economy would be in even worse condition if it werent for the elements of drawing aside from the Marxist ideology in the direction of the capitalism. American economist illustrates the way in which the system works by describing the situation of the Soviet citizen who is decides to break the principles of soviet economy. He is handing the washing machine over to the national point of repair illegally. He is paying more, but repair is done without the queue and he has his working washing machine in the short time. What is more a mechanic from the national point of repair gets some additional earnings. Both benefit from that transaction, which is a pure example of capitalistic way of handling business , all that happening in the center of gravity of a planned economy. Friedman is also assigning a very important role to the price as the notifying, stimulating and regulating factor. One should add typical Smiths attitude to the role of the government presented in the epitaph for Hong Kong of the end of years 80, written in the same spirit. My point is not to report Friedmans ideas, as I think that what he presents to his readers is not only the image of economics. I can see it more as the program, desired state of affairs. In my mind a Nobel Prize winner in field of economics from the year 1976 is in a way reminding of Karol Marx. Despite the fact that the Communist Manifesto is from other times and presents the opposite ides, I could say it uses similar rhetoric. As a matter of fact the American economist is scoring the program of the co-founder of the International Workingmens Association, as if he wanted to show that the capitalism won already as the best economic system, now is the time for it to become the leading ideology. Finding support in such attributes as the freedom, the equality in the access to goods explicitly in the context of the economic system is making the text of Friedman agitational. In the following part of the essay I will be trying to confront utilitarian (or even Utopian) vision of Friedman with views of other economic minds. It is probably the best to argue against Milton Friedmans theory by using the achievements of the school of John Maynard Keynes. It is obvious that the British scholar sees the role of the government and the state rather differently. Keynes wants administration to take care of citizens in the full-time manner, rather than only as a night watchman. However he agrees with the global scope of economics. According to him the domestic production depends on the world demand, and unemployment is an effect of the insufficient demand. When comparing the two points of view I shall focus on the vivid aspects. There is a method of the psychoanalysis with the colloquial name „ dictator †. The test examines 2 persons- one is assigned to be a dictator receives for example 100 dollars. He is supposed to share money with the second person, so that the other accepts the exchange. If the second person agrees on the division of money, the amounts are given to the participants. If the division wont be accepted money is coming back to researchers. It isnt possible to negotiate and the second person knows what amount the dictator has at his disposal. Supposedly the situation is simple- the second person should agree to accept any amount the dictator offers, as it would always result in the intrinsic gain for him. Meanwhile, 69% of people for which the suggested amount stayed from 1 to 3. 7 dollar decided not to agree for the division. Dictators most often pay amounts between 28 and 44 dollars. It is one of many undoubted proofs for the fact that people do not always act reasonably and according to the spirit of economics. Adam Smith wrote, that the exchange between sides based on the principle of the freedom would take place exclusively when both sides will recognize it as profitable. How can receiving 3 dollars for nothing not be recognized as profitable? It turns out that there is something else apart from the profit as understood by Friedman. In „Free is Choose† and „The Essence of Friedman„ is summoning the famous Leonard E. Reads pencil, of which „ no man knows how to make a it†. Read is describing all stages of the coming into existence of the pencil, with a broad spectrum. The pencil â€Å"is saying† that thanks to the function of price none of the buyer is interested in a aspect who is getting the graphite: believer of the Yahweh or the Allah and whether Americans or Japanese people cut the trees down. The whole matter is showing itself not to be so simple and that is why nobody is registering international price of pencils, and more a barrel of oil concerns us. Furthermore an example of the â€Å"dictator† shows that the point of reference is extremely important in making economic decisions. Not to search far, let us take the example of the European Union, which ideology is more related to Keynes than Friedman. What I mean is the Union as the institution bristling with the customs, rates, and artificial subsidies of Community economies. After all opening to other markets, with cheap products (provided it is not dealing with the dumping) should benefit the EU. Isnt it a fact that the more participants in the free global exchange, the more effective the economy is? We, Europeans prefer to pay extra for â€Å"our† grain, by subsidizing it, rather than allow for goods from Africa. Maybe the explanation for this is the fact that we are aware that even tough the profit is less, it stays within European economy, and does not allow inhabitants of Africa to make comparatively higher profit. It is worthwhile to mention the opponent of classical economics and the self-regulation of the world market. Karl Polanyi regarded specific business activity and its rooting in the culture together with the historical moment and the social situation as the main factors influencing the shape of the economy(„ The Great Transformation †). According to Polanyiego economic transactions are not as much guided by receiving an economic or financial benefit as they are aimed at supporting and refreshing norms and social values. He found global markets moving on into the side of the laissez-faire, the main reason for the atomization of the society and the breakdown of social bonds. From the other side Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto is slightly narrowing the issues. He definitely rejects the argumentation of supporters of liberal economics, who claim that capitalism is not working in some countries (e. g. South America) due to cultural differences. He regards these views as offensive and unconvincing. In his „ The Mystery of Capital: Why Capitalism Triumphs in the West and Fails Everywhere Else †, he highlights the inborn feature of entrepreneurship of inhabitants of countries which find it difficult to function as the free market economy. De Soto claims that the poor men of noncapitalistic world have significant amounts of the saving which are being estimated to account for as much as forty-fold the entire foreign help from 1945 to 2000 r. The Peruvian can see the problem in the lack transparency of these goods. The wealth which people have from outside of the range of capitalism, is not circulating in the worlds economy. It is not possible to take a loan or to pawn the central mortgage with the help of these assets. For de Soto capital is not only a transparentness. The secret of Capital lies in abilities of people of capitalist systems which can see living their wealths which they can invest as a living capital. For them it works already on the principle of the unconditioned reflex, however the rest of the world is left with the dead capital and not being able to invest it. Here Hernando de Soto is seeking the cause of the poverty. I will devote the last paragraph to the quite obvious accusation, that in the model of Friedman there is no such an instrument like social benefits. The government, which is not helping poor men to rise their quality of living and help become economically active or in more extreme cases giving them a chance to survive, seems worthless. Apart from that, words about equality of opportunities and of the access to goods, seem to be empty words in the context of a society diversified in terms of wealth from the assumption. It is not difficult to attack Milton Friedman and his views. Equally easily like Karol Marks and his social and economic model . After all in the communism a logical cohesion and an adequacy in relation to reality were not the most important issue, its aim was to give an uncomplicated and interesting interpretation of world surrounding us. The same concerns the laissez-faire of Friedman. This gives the American economist greater chances of the success than the German a philosopher had. If to examine the criticism of de Soto, Keynes, Polanyi and socialists it it is possible enough to reach the conclusion that they criticize small shortcomings rather than serious professional errors. Following Keynes thoughts, it is possible to say that there are other factors which influence human action then mere economics. However it is worth to remember the fact that at one time we didnt know how to measure the social capital, social tensions, social inequality. Perhaps at one time in the future we will manage to measure even more intangible factors such as love, pain or the dislike. Then when they become measurable and countable, it will be possible to include them in the system of economic exchange, and to check whether being a â€Å"dictator† is still more profitable. It is difficult to force people to retreat from global exchange, in favor to the local one which is fulfilling the social role, as Karl Polanyi wanted. As for de Soto, the poor of developing countries must learn the same lesson as the Americans in The Wild West did- the important of title deeds and the fact that they are liable to an exchange for other goods, that is in short transparency. There remain two questions: how to convince people for acting within the free economy, and how to solve a problem which the laissez-faire doesnt predict? First what is coming to my mind it is a Grameen Bank example. First bank in the world which opened to people without essential capital. The homeless, unescorted women, families in need could take the microcredit fitted to their needs. Everything acting as a bit as in the fairy tale- as people are rising their standard of living and Grameen notes considerable profits. What is more they already have their followers in major banks: Citigroup, Credit Suisse, Deutsche Bank, Morgan Stanley, Barclays, BNP Paribas. Of course, just as in every other system there are already certain shortcoming, but one should remember that the project is young. One should appreciate the fact that it is satisfying social needs of the welfare state belongs, and it is not in opposition to the laissez-faire. And if the economic liberalism would be supposed to control entire world, it is in my opinion one of the best solutions we could offer yet. It is as if we corrected the shortcoming of the framework by using the tools that the framework gives us. Maciej Bialoruski, IS UW(International Economic Relations, Wed,16. 45)

Final Thoughts on Argument ( 8 ) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final Thoughts on Argument ( 8 ) - Essay Example One could claim that marketing cigarette products to the youth is simply too much to handle. First let us examine what prompted cigarette companies to come up with this decision. â€Å"Younger adults are the only source of replacement smokers† (RJ Reynolds). This means to say that as people age – while smoking – signs and consequences of this decision will begin to show. As a result, they wouldn’t be as enthusiastic as they were when they started smoking. This is what many cigarette companies try to avoid. If they want to keep their business thriving and prospering, they need younger adults which will require brand new form of marketing. True – from the industry’s point of view, this may just be the right thing to do. After all, they just mean business and this is nothing personal for them. Without overanalyzing and putting things under simple perspective, cigarette companies are just doing what they need to do to keep up with the current market. But nothing justifies the consequences that will happen in the future. On the surface, this may be an acceptable proposition for many cigarette companies though on second thought they are just taking advantage of our youth – the hope of the future. Why do teens smoke? "Kids are vulnerable to smoking because the transition to adulthood is fraught with stress, insecurity, and the need to be accepted by peers. If kids see smokers who they think are cool or look grown-up, they may strive for that image, too† (Lang and Marks). Judging from this, kids are innocent victims of the adult driven world. Cigarette companies know this vulnerability and weakness and this is the reason why they target this specific market. They know they can earn money from them more than they can from adults who know what they are doing and have other priorities in life already. However, kids don’t realize they are vulnerable and weak. They often have these overly positive views about

Discovery in the Amazon Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discovery in the Amazon - Case Study Example It can also be speculated that the pipeline will give rise to cases of dispossession. The orthodox frame might argue that the pipeline will finally help in the integration of the tribes into the market economy and thus introduce them to the benefits o the development, but a more critical perspective would go further and question, â€Å"what/who has kept them out?† – thus referencing a historical divergence point that has created a global system wherein the wealth of one class limits the development possibilities of the other. In diametric opposition to the claim that it was the birth of capitalism (and the ability to produce capital) that was the turning point in the West and what freed people from poverty, there are arguments that the beginnings of formal property rights was what led to the extinction of customary and collective rights and the deprivation of access to land and other resources of the marginalized. And while the Capitalist-driven frame traces the roots of poverty to the existence of barriers to the market exchange of land and resources, the counter-frame questions the logic of this commodification and exposes the flaws of an unfettered market exchange. This would result in a slew of other human rights violations such as food sovereignty and land sovereignty. Moreover, there is a clear violation of the autonomy and self-determination of the indigenous tribes that occupy the areas in Ecuador to be affected by the pipeline. Western thought has cultivated the notion that there is but one trajectory towards progress and development, and this can be quantified in material terms. Development, according to Western thought, means roads and infrastructure, access to markets and trading, a quality life that approaches, if not approximates Western life as it is known. But this kind of thinking is in itself an imposition of a Western imaginary that obscures equally legitimate ways of living and